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	<title>England Archives - Pandemic Magazine</title>
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	<title>England Archives - Pandemic Magazine</title>
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	<item>
		<title>Abandoned</title>
		<link>https://www.pandemic.space/2020/07/13/abandoned/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Pandemic]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 13 Jul 2020 16:59:28 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[2020]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Contributing Writers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pandemic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Prose]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[coronavirus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dorset]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[England]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[flash fiction]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[jewelry]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[lockdown]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.pandemic.space/?p=2660</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Written by Gail Aldwin: How can I possibly be responsible for the spread? I’m made of pure gold</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.pandemic.space/2020/07/13/abandoned/">Abandoned</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.pandemic.space">Pandemic Magazine</a>.</p>
]]></description>
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<p class="has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph">Written by Gail Aldwin</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><span class="wpsdc-drop-cap">H</span>ow can I possibly be responsible for the spread? I’m made of pure gold and the simplicity of my design means I’m just a circular band that fits neatly on Sophie’s finger. It’s absolutely ridiculous to suggest that my presence makes her susceptible. I certainly don’t irritate skin and the only things I attract are admiring glances. My sole purpose is to symbolise love and marriage. I didn’t even realise Sophie could remove me. It took a large quantity of soap to ease me off her finger and I noted with a little pride, that I left an indentation on her skin after my years of loyal service. I can’t believe I’ve been dumped and left to associate with adornments in the jewellery box.&nbsp;</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">I hate being in enclosed spaces but at least I’m in the cushioned section and not shoved into a pocket like Bling. Feelings of grandeur can’t save her and anyway we all know she’s made from paste. And it’s so noisy in here. The usual residents are complaining of overcrowding. Grandma’s Brooch doesn’t like to share her compartment with Beaded Bangle. She says Bangle is a contender for germs because she hangs around wrists. I should sympathise, Grandma’s Brooch is an older piece and belongs to a vulnerable group. As for Choker, she’s long escaped. From what I understand, she’s having a fine time doing acrobatics on the jewellery tree when she’s not languishing around Sophie’s neck. I can’t blame her for making the most of her freedom. She’s a lucky one and as for Stud and Hoop they’ve never been so grateful to be associated with ears. Getting out and about was something I really enjoyed. Day and night I was on Sophie’s finger but now look at me, abandoned.&nbsp;</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">On the bright side, it’s only a matter of time before a vaccine is found and I can resume my place on Sophie’s finger. I mean she is still married to Paul, isn’t she?</p>



<hr class="wp-block-separator"/>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><em>Gail Aldwin’s publications include a debut novel </em><a href="https://www.victorinapress.com/product/the-string-games/">The String Games</a><em> (Victorina Press, 2019), a poetry pamphlet </em><a href="https://www.wordsmithhq.co.uk/shop/adversariescomrades-poetry-by-gail-aldwin">adversaries/comrades</a><em> (Wordsmith_HQ, 2019) and a flash fiction collection </em><a href="https://www.amazon.co.uk/Paisley-Shirt-Gail-Aldwin/dp/1910542296/ref=sr_1_2?dchild=1&amp;keywords=gail+aldwin&amp;qid=1590992171&amp;sr=8-2">Paisley Shirt</a><em> (Chapeltown Books, 2018). Prior to repatriation due to Covid 19, Gail volunteered at Bidibidi refugee settlement in Uganda. Find Gail @gailaldwin and https://gailaldwin.com.</em></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.pandemic.space/2020/07/13/abandoned/">Abandoned</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.pandemic.space">Pandemic Magazine</a>.</p>
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		<item>
		<title>A CARNIVAL WITHOUT SOUND</title>
		<link>https://www.pandemic.space/2020/07/06/a-carnival-without-sound/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Pandemic]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 06 Jul 2020 20:03:09 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[2020]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Contributing Writers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pandemic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Poetry]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[coronavirus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[England]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[isolation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[London]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[poetry]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[UK]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.pandemic.space/?p=2651</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Written by Niall McDevitt: it is strange to see the young so afraid of death</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.pandemic.space/2020/07/06/a-carnival-without-sound/">A CARNIVAL WITHOUT SOUND</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.pandemic.space">Pandemic Magazine</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p class="has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph">Written by Niall McDevitt</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">1<br>it is strange to see the young so afraid of death<br>walking badly dressed in emptied-out streets.<br>at first, they were not supposed to care much<br>or to be looking for cheap flights and hotels;<br>but fear foreruns virus and dragnets foil escape.<br>no one is quite the same anymore, body or mind,<br>all succumbing to the ghostliness of the hour.<br>the bottom has fallen out of the usual charade.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">   <em>a carnival without music, a carnival without sound</em></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">2<br>laughter, disbelief, and conspiracies are dustbinned.<br>moods shift, heavy-bellied with unnamed feeling.<br>hair lengthens to brute, even women look feral<br>in a funereal atmosphere where nothing is normal.<br>we process along paths as pilgrims to Mecca (maybe<br>Islam was onto something with face coverings?)<br>or like a fancy dress party where everyone shows up<br>as the invisible man in sunglasses, bandages, hats.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">   <em>a carnival without music, a carnival without sound</em></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">3<br>fear is in the equinoctial weather. the primal war<br>between winter and spring is in its endgame<br>so that March would have discombobulated anyway.<br>fear is even in the sun that registers win-win<br>by flaming through a status quo of negation<br>to glow so warmly and brilliantly and sanely<br>polishing the infrastructural surfaces we share.<br>the sun! it may be the last some of us ever feel.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">   <em>a carnival without music, a carnival without sound</em></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">4<br>people have lost their poise, their bravado<br>as malaise takes hold of their understandings.<br>the young Indian in the cornershop is terrified<br>of his customers&#8217; quasi-fatal notes and coins.<br>his eyes roll and dart about his youthful skull<br>as if about to shoot out with a sudden pop.<br>I felt I was murdering him just by perceiving him.<br>other shopkeepers wobble on the frontline too.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">   <em>a carnival without music, a carnival without sound</em></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">5<br>in the midst of no man&#8217;s land, outcasts regroup.<br>it&#8217;s a &#8216;boon time&#8217; for criminals who are yet discernible<br>– though everyone&#8217;s masked, gloved and hooded now –<br>by their Cain-like gait and cloven hoppings to and fro<br>from dealers to users and back, stopping momentarily<br>to look about shiftily, and then gob on the flagstones.<br>etiquette of the demimonde? territorial markings?<br>they are staking a claim in the fresh dispensation.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">   <em>a carnival without music, a carnival without sound</em></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">6<br>the spectacle is of a land with no grail. Avalon&#8217;s<br>stupefied queues forage for basic provisions,<br>two metres between wrapped hangdog forms.<br>on one high street, only Tesco and the undertakers<br>are trading. pasta, alcohol, soap and toilet rolls<br>are the commonweal of the atomised-by-law,<br>some talking into wires like madmen, fiendish,<br>others vacant, half-afloat on shuttered parades.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">   <em>a carnival without music, a carnival without sound</em></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">7<br>ambulances dance via christmas-cake mansions<br>and brutalist blocks of two-nations architecture<br>with sirens switching from long wails to short<br>whoop-whoops along tree-lined, traffic-free lanes.<br>one house is entered, a ton of chattels piled up<br>on the grass outside, eerie eviction. another flat<br>is sellotaped-off. a trio in hazmat safety suits<br>hovers about the foyer as noiseless as astronauts.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">   <em>a carnival without music, a carnival without sound</em></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">8<br>freezers ordered, freezers delivered, freezers stocked<br>in a political landscape like a pop-up morgue.<br>the older and wiser look down toward the ground<br>who knew death might come soon, but not this soon.<br>they too have shopping bags and thinned-out newspapers,<br>standing under a natural white blossom umbrella<br>grateful to insert a key into their own front doors.<br>they know the rhythms of spring better than anyone.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">   <em>a carnival without music, a carnival without sound</em></p>



<hr class="wp-block-separator"/>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><em>Niall McDevitt is the author of three collections of poetry, </em>b/w <em>(Waterloo Press, 2010), </em>Porterloo<em> (International Times, 2013) and </em>Firing Slits, Jerusalem Colportage<em> (New River Press, 2016). In 2012, he performed poetry at Yoko Ono&#8217;s Meltdown. In 2016, he performed in Iraq at the Babylon Festival. Irish poet, he lives in London. You can see more of his work at <a href="http://poetopography.wordpress.com">poetopography.wordpress.com</a>.</em></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.pandemic.space/2020/07/06/a-carnival-without-sound/">A CARNIVAL WITHOUT SOUND</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.pandemic.space">Pandemic Magazine</a>.</p>
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		<title>Roots of a Rocking Political Event: The Brexit</title>
		<link>https://www.pandemic.space/2019/03/01/brexit/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Pandemic]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 01 Mar 2019 10:54:03 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Jonas Guigonnat]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Prose]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ROOTS - MAR/APR 2019]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[American]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Balkan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[British]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bruxelles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dandy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Democratic World-view]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[England]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Europe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[François Mitterrand]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[French]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[General]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[German Warlord]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Great Britain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Helmut Kohl]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[history]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Human Memory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Jungle of Calais]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[king]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[liberal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Lord]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Meaningful Past]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[World War 2]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.pandemic.space/?p=2413</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Written by Jonas Guigonnat: The ball seemed to stop rolling and the traditional dispute about Europe to fade away. But this was just for a little while.</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.pandemic.space/2019/03/01/brexit/">Roots of a Rocking Political Event: The Brexit</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.pandemic.space">Pandemic Magazine</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: center;">Written by Jonas Guigonnat</p>

<h2 style="text-align: left;"><b>The Tale of the Old King and the Dandy</b></h2>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;"><span class="wpsdc-drop-cap">T</span>he world around us is unlike anything it ever was. Changes operate permanently, even on a <a href="https://www.pandemic.space/2019/01/01/introduction-micro-changes/">microscopic</a> scale, <a href="https://www.pandemic.space/2018/12/01/transformative-technocrats/">technocrats</a> transform mass-politics into digi-democracies and most of the western world asks itself what its identity really is. </span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Not that long ago the democratic world-view was claiming a victory on history. </span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Divisions between folks, ideologies, cultures, nations and continents were meant to make place for the last step of human modernity toward world unity. History was to show us how progress works toward its (democratic) accomplishment.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The past seemed &#8211; for a while &#8211; tangible, real and existent on its own. What we were told from above </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">was</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> the truth. Facts were facts, we heard, there was thus apparently no reason to doubt </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">our</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> version of the world and its history.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Those ideas came from old king Europe, who had, for a short historic while, the world in the grasp of his hand. </span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">He once believed in being at the center of the universe. Every bit of wealth, knowledge and kingdom had to belong to him. When he discovered the West Indies &#8211; a little more than 5 centuries ago &#8211; he transformed the place into his own private garden and called it the Americas.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">But this old king had a bad habit: turning his own children, who considered themselves </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">lands</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">, against each other in a fight to the death. </span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Some of them, who were sent to the American garden to be its guardians, had enough of this game, refused to obey and rebelled against their father. They discovered, far away from him, on that other continent, the possibilities of becoming an entity of its own &#8211; </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">independent</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">. </span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">This new </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">independent</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> countr</span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">y</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> had to be funded on values that were subversive to the old king, almost to the point of arrogance. Otherwise, they would have been destroyed by the one they were facing.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The conflict that followed </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">was to be</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> of legendary proportions, the old king trying to annihilate the rebels, who were developing and strengthening their new identity in the heart of the battle. As a result of that war, out of the ashes, rose the American Dandy.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Almost a century and a half later, some of his other children, fighting to divide the </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">colonized</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> world between each other, ultimately brought destruction to the old king &#8211; a conflict he ultimately lost after the whole world settled its score with him twice in half a century. </span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Without being the only or real winner coming out of the two world conflicts, the American Dandy was far stronger than the dying king, but willing to negotiate the new world order with what remained of him. </span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The young American Dandy was using norms and values familiar to the surviving children, they were easy enough to be understood by all. Those values were also to be universal and true for all humans, in the name of progress.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Let’s just doubt the idea that this progressive version of history really is the root of our chaotic present.</span></p>


<div id="attachment_2449" style="width: 710px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-2449" class="size-large wp-image-2449" src="https://www.pandemic.space/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/gui-avelar-749797-unsplash-700x421.jpg" alt="" width="700" height="421" srcset="https://www.pandemic.space/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/gui-avelar-749797-unsplash-700x421.jpg 700w, https://www.pandemic.space/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/gui-avelar-749797-unsplash-300x180.jpg 300w, https://www.pandemic.space/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/gui-avelar-749797-unsplash-768x462.jpg 768w, https://www.pandemic.space/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/gui-avelar-749797-unsplash.jpg 1000w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><p id="caption-attachment-2449" class="wp-caption-text">Photo by Gui Avelar</p></div>
<h2 style="text-align: left;"><b>Stepping Out of the Fairytale </b></h2>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Human memory is the filter transforming the complicated soup of what lies behind us into a meaningful past. Collective memories are ones of political motivations and institutional signature. What we are told is thus nothing more than… what we are told. </span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">It is then possible to see the last 70 years as something else than as a race to peace and unity. This </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">race</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> makes sense in a specific discourse: the American version of the democratic world-view, which did </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">win</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> many conflicts in the twentieth century to bring peace to the whole world. But every process, as far as the past is concerned, fluctuates and eventually changes into something different than what it was.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The transatlantic network wasn’t just a question of ideals. </span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">With Stalin and Russia, as the biggest winners, taking all of the Balkan countries for himself, on the east side of the European continent, the clock was ticking. Some in Western Europe, out of the ruins of their country, saw the choice between a transatlantic world and a Soviet one as a devil’s choice. </span></p>

<h2 style="text-align: left;"><b>Leaping Back In</b></h2>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">But the Dandy had an ally in that choice: the dusty old British lord. </span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The British lord was, from the start, a part of the European family. But he liked to believe that he was different from the rest, an island thing as they say. At the end of World War II, he got that right in a way, and may have been the only one not really on the losers side in Western Europe. He was weakened and it paid.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Though he distrusted everyone and believed for a long time that he was meant to rule the world, he accepted the proposition made by Dandy &#8211; who was once his son, now considered a retarded nephew &#8211; while knowing he had to lose his colonies in other continents to close the deal.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">With the British on his side, the Dandy thought it was just a question of time before the stubborn old king would give up his defense and accept his rule. </span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">But in an unexpected turn of events, two of the king’s children, the French general and the almost totally destroyed German warlord, were creating a back-stop that was meant to diminish the dependence of West-Europe toward any foreign force in the future. The old French general was hoping to keep his colonies, and the vanquished German to avoid the same humiliation he experienced when signing at Versailles in 1919. </span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Old king Europe had to transform himself to survive and, making his way up between the Dandy and the Russians, he became at first an economic force to be internationally considered. But this new Europe wasn’t to play an important political role again just yet.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;"> The ball was rolling in unexpected ways.</span></p>

<h2 style="text-align: left;"><b>Shake Off the Tale</b></h2>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">After two decades of struggle against too much influence from any party, and the refusal of decolonizing countries in Africa and Asia, the new Europe had, at the end of the 1960s, to pick a side. As an isolated rebel continent, it could not have stood against the forces at play. </span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The voice of the British neighborhood was still clearer to hear. They were asking for collaboration with the Americans. A compromise was the only option, and it was clear the old continent wasn’t going to take a dominant position in the negotiation. The dispute for the main vision of Europe was just starting.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">It comes finally to one crucial decision: how centralized to make the politico-economic Europe.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">To France, where centralization is the core of politics, it couldn’t be centralized enough. For the British it was the opposite, states had to maintain full sovereignty and use a political Europe mostly to keep peace and trades stable. Regulations were to be imposed only if necessary. Two visions still dividing the monopole of today’s European Union.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The dispute continued in the 70s and 80s, with new mythical figures like the conservative Margaret Thatcher on the British side (known as the Iron Lady for <a href="https://www.pandemic.space/2018/11/01/dont-judge-a-woman-by-her-body/">her toughness</a>), the French socialist, François Mitterrand, and the German liberal, Helmut Kohl, coming on stage. </span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The moves that were made were tactical, each party realizing that hasty decisions could put the fragile collaboration in danger. </span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">But then, a wall fell down.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The political balance inside of the European project itself, was to be shaken as a consequence of that falling wall, and some processes to be accelerated. The discussion about centralization took a new turn, as all of Eastern Europe, that was now free of the Soviet rule, was potentially to </span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">“participate” in the project. </span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">For the ones fond of centralized powers, it was clear that nothing could be done without strong political structures. European norms, values, and thus rules, had to be broadly accepted in order to receive an entrance ticket. The structures that had to ensure that this process went well could only be legitimately anchored in strong treaties and regulations. </span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">A strong center of power in Europe was needed more than ever.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">But the balance of power was also to in doubt. Germany became a whole country once again, reuniting east and west, but the implication were complex. The war that ended four decades earlier was still fresh in collective and individual memories. A strong Germany didn’t sound like a bright idea, knowing “what happened last time.”</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Maybe also for that reason, even more power was given to the center of this symbiotic entity that was called the European Union. At its center was a French-speaking city located in Belgium: Bruxelles. The back-up place had to be in Strasburg, a French city which has been alternately German and French since the war between both countries in 1871. Compromise was thus made, in a way. </span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">France emerged as one of the “rightful” founding fathers of the European project, and, without a doubt, was the most powerful, historically, politically, and economically. Therefore, he was also the most legitimized one to supervise the whole affair. Margaret Thatcher accepted on behalf of the United Kingdom (anything but too strong a Germany).</span></p>


<div id="attachment_2423" style="width: 685px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img decoding="async" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-2423" class="size-large wp-image-2423" src="https://www.pandemic.space/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/jaime-casap-1156104-unsplash-675x450.jpg" alt="" width="675" height="450" srcset="https://www.pandemic.space/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/jaime-casap-1156104-unsplash-675x450.jpg 675w, https://www.pandemic.space/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/jaime-casap-1156104-unsplash-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.pandemic.space/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/jaime-casap-1156104-unsplash-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.pandemic.space/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/jaime-casap-1156104-unsplash.jpg 1000w" sizes="(max-width: 675px) 100vw, 675px" /><p id="caption-attachment-2423" class="wp-caption-text">Photo by Jaime Casap</p></div>
<h2 style="text-align: left;"><b>Towards an Ever Closer Union</b></h2>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Few things were refused by the British, like the Euro as a unique currency; the Iron Lady gave in on many points. The ball seemed to stop rolling and the traditional dispute about Europe to fade away. But this was just for a little while.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">After a short period of happily ever after, between 1993 and 2001, the international atmosphere changed radically following the events on September 11, 2001. Wars were to be started again (mostly in the Middle-East) and the idea of the foreigner as an enemy came back into our daily lives.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Aside from the fear of terrorism, social problems were developing due to the enlargement of the European Union. Without frontiers, the continent was full of better opportunities for those living in countries trying to reconstruct themselves after almost 50 years of Soviet rule. </span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Some countries were more popular than others, as much for those running from conflicts in the Middle-East, as for the East-Europeans eager to make something new out of their lives. But Great Britain, and England in particular, was the </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">Eldorado</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> (as the “<a href="https://www.pandemic.space/2018/05/01/moria-when-home-is-neither-ahead-nor-behind/">Jungle of Calais</a>” shows us France would not be). Desperate souls from all horizons wanted to reach the new promised land.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The traditional reservations of Great Britain toward the centralized European project were, in this context, easy to revive. It is already clear where that ultimately brings us to. </span></p>

<h2 style="text-align: left;"><b>Brexit is the End of a Long Tale</b></h2>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The reasons discussed above (among many others) may have contributed to the British voting for <a href="https://www.pandemic.space/2019/01/15/brexit-and-a-nation/">Brexit</a>. Looking for the roots of this rocking event, one may stumble on the complexity of all kinds of processes, many of which aren’t always clear to us. What will happen is even less possible to answer &#8211; even a month before </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">it</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> happens. </span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Time will give its answer, laughing at us, as usual, when revealing the new reality emerging out of panic and chaos.</span></p><p>The post <a href="https://www.pandemic.space/2019/03/01/brexit/">Roots of a Rocking Political Event: The Brexit</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.pandemic.space">Pandemic Magazine</a>.</p>
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